Bisphenol a bpa summary pdf 22 pp, 214 k, march, 2010 contact us to ask a question, provide feedback, or report a problem. Bisphenol a sources, toxicity and biotransformation. Laboratory animal and human data on developmental toxicity author. The acute toxicity data together with the fact that bisphenol a rapidly biodegrades in surface waters indicate a low potential for chronic exposure or toxicity. Mixture toxicity contribution of emerging and legacy contaminants in. Bisphenol a bpa in plastics and possible human health. Analysis of urine samples from 200 participating korean adults revealed a significant relationship between bisphenol a bpa and inflammation. However, the photosensitization will be insignificant in ambient exposure, although careful control of occupational exposure, which is beyond the scope of this assessment, may be required. Environmental protection and toxic substances september. Chronic toxicity refers to harmful effects produced by longterm exposure to pesticides. Additional epa toxicity information may be available by visiting the following sites.
Most human hazard, precautionary statements, and human personal protective equipment statements are based upon the toxicity category of the pesticide product as sold or distributed. Developing zebrafish were exposed to nominal concentration of 50, 100, 500, 1500 and 4500 gl bpa 0. Proposition 65 requires businesses to determine if they must. Change often involves a pivotal event that builds on previous history and opens the door to a new era. Environmental toxicology standards astm international. Environmental protection and toxic substances february. This result confirmed our supposition that mcf7 cell line is a good monitoring system for genotoxic evaluation of bpa as a xenoestrogen compound. The tre study is used to identify the sources of toxicity, after which the discharger must take all reasonable steps necessary to eliminate the toxicity. Kari, phd, study scientist national toxicology program post office box 12233 research triangle park, nc 27709. Proposition 65 list because it can harm the female reproductive system, including effects on ovaries and eggs. As paracelsus suggests, the quantity or the dose of the substance determines whether the effects of the chemical are toxic, nontoxic or beneficial. Transfer to a chemical waste container for disposal in accordance with local regulations. The committee on toxicity cot evaluates chemicals for their potential to harm.
The genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of bisphenola bpa in. The risks of bisphenol a how is an individual exposed to bisphenol a. When testing is done with only three or four doses, as is typical in most standard toxicitytesting protocols, it has low sensitivity and little statistical power for. The drawbacks of this option include the potential of assigning violations to potw dischargers that are genuinely attempting to reduce toxicity through an aggressive tre process. Both have been used in agriculture to control fungal and bacterial growth on stored crops, such as fruits and vegetables. Biomonitoring bisphenol a americas children and the environment third edition, updated august 2017. Results and discussion the study monitored bisphenol a bpa, bisphenol f 4,4bpf and 2,2bpf, bisphenol af bpaf, bisphenol bp. Reproductive and endocrine toxicity as noted in the summary table, there is sufficient qualitative information on reproductive and developmental toxicity of bpa to aquatic organisms. Male infertility is the sole or contributing factor in roughly half of these cases and no identifiable cause can be found in over 25% of infertile males. Developmental toxicity for fetuses, infants, and children. Monitoring of bisphenol a and its analogues in environmental. Nicotine, vitamin e, sperm toxicity, fsh, lh, testosterone introduction infertility affects approximately 15% of all couples trying to conceive.
Reference to oecd guidance document 19 has been included in page. Bisphenol a has been shown to mimic thyroid and sex hormones in people and animals. Polycarbonate plastics made with bpa have innovative potential to increase in design and performance allowing us to live a increasingly modern lifestyle. Orthophenylphenol opp, or 2phenylphenol and its watersoluble salt, sodium orthophenylphenate sopp, are antimicrobial agents used as bacteriostats, fungicides, and sanitizers. Methods and material for containment and cleaning up. Toxicity and risk assessment of bisphenol a sciencedirect. It is a colorless solid that is soluble in organic solvents, but poorly soluble in water 0. Much of the evidence of bpa toxicity is based on laboratory animal studies, where low exposures to bpa during pregnancy or early life can permanently. Bisphenola is an important environmental contaminant due to the increased earlylife exposure that may pose significant healthrisks to various organisms including humans. Toxicogenomic and phenotypic analyses of bisphenola early. Pivotal events in science include the discovery of penicillin, the elucidation of. None of the mixture had a sum of toxic units exceeding one, but several had toxic unit sums above 0. Information on this website is available in alternative formats upon request. The material safety data sheet msds for technical grade thymol notes that it is irritating to humans when exposed by inhalation, dermal or eye contact.
The toxicological effects of bisphenol a are well understood. Bisphenol a bpa is among the most prominent environmental estrogens worldwide, demonstrated to be related with the impairment of male reproductive function as well as other health problems, such as diabetes. Bisphenol a bpa in plastics and possible human health effects congressional research service 1 introduction bisphenol a bpa 1 is a synthetic chemical compound produced in the united states in large quantities, approximately 2. Less is known about the chronic toxicity of pesticides than is known about their acute toxicity, not because it is of less importance, but because chronic toxicity is gradual rather than immediate and is revealed in much more complex and subtle ways. There is a relationship between the statistical power of a toxicologic study and the ability to reveal nmdrc as shown in fig. Developmental and reproductive toxicant identification committee, july 2009, developmental toxicity, reproductive toxicity, bisphenol a, bpa, prop 65, proposition 65 created date. Exposure to bisphenol a is directly linked to inflammation. This study aimed to use zebrafish as a toxicogenomic model to capture transcriptomic and phenotypic changes for inference of signaling pathways, biological processes, physiological systems and identify potential biomarker. National toxicology program issues final bisphenol a. Bpa is also found in epoxy resins, which act as a protective lining on the inside of metalbased food and beverage cans. Bisphenol a bpa has been receiving increasing attention because of evidence of its reproductive toxicity in laboratory animal studies, the growing literature correlating environmental bpa exposure to adverse effects in humans, its high production volume, its widespread human exposure, and the potential health effects from such exposures. Of particular concern from the available scientific evidence is the potential for adverse health effects from exposure that occurs during critical windows of development, particularly during the prenatal period.
March 31, 2010 the environmental protection agency will add the plastics chemical bisphenol a bpa to its chemical concern list due to potential environmental effects. Cot com coc report cot section 2004 committee on toxicity. Bisphenol a bpa bisphenol a bpa is a high volume industrial chemical used in the production of epoxy resins. This opinion describes the assessment of the risks to public health associated with bisphenol a bpa exposure. Mar 31, 2010 march 31, 2010 the environmental protection agency will add the plastics chemical bisphenol a bpa to its chemical concern list due to potential environmental effects. Bisphenol a exposure assessment from olive oil consumption. Tox200829 annex b committee on toxicity food standards. Sections i health hazard assessments for noncarcinogenic effects and. Environmental protection and toxic substances february 1997 agency 7508w r. It has been associated with a wide variety of health problems, including altered brain and nervous system development and changes in the reproductive system. Every day, we are exposed to hundreds of toxic chemicals through products like pharmaceuticals, pesticides, packaged foods, household products, and environmental pollution.
This part of iso 10993 specifies strategies for risk estimation, selection of hazard identification tests and risk management, with respect to the possibility of the following potentially irreversible biological effects arising as a result of exposure to medical devices. Facts oil of citronella pesticide reregistration all pesticides sold or distributed in the united states must be registered by epa, based on scientific studies showing that they can be used without posing unreasonable risks to people or the environment. Many studies have reported tumorigenic effects and endocrine alterations associated with bpa in animal models. One of the most extensively tested materials in use today, bpa exhibits toxic effects only at very high levels of exposure. Bisphenol a bpa is a chemical compound used in massive amounts in the production of synthetic polymers and thermal paper. Bisphenol a bpa in plastics and possible human health effects. From the laboratory of plant physiology, harvard university, cambridge. Environmental protection and toxic substances february 1997 r.
Office of pesticide programs pesticide chemical search. The bpainduced increases in cardiac and renal h 2 o 2, mda, protein carbonyl, gsh and gpx observed in the present study are indicative of oxidative stress in the heart and kidney of the rats. Oecd series on testing and assessment number 23 guidance document on aquatic toxicity testing of difficult substances and mixtures unclassified envjmmono20006 or. Bisphenol a bpa is a plastic ingredient produced in large quantities for use primarily in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. The acute toxicity reported on this page is of the pure chemical ingredient only and may not reflect the acute toxicity of individual pesticide products. This database provides human health benchmarks for pesticides that may be present in drinking water. The writer has had occasion to determine the toxicity of a variety of substances by measuring their effects on the electrical. Bisphenol a commonly known as bpa is an industrial chemical used to make a hard, clear plastic known as polycarbonate, which is used in some products available to consumers. Avoid raising and breathing dust, and provide adequate ventilation. Jun 03, 2015 bisphenol a has been shown to mimic thyroid and sex hormones in people and animals. These terms are important to understanding the toxicity information published in safety documents e.
Bisphenol a bpa is a key industrial chemical used to make polycarbonate plastic, epoxy resins and other products. It has been in production since the 1960s and is still used by many industries today. As potential updates to other exposure assumptions are still in discussion, changes in these assumptions could further alter the chronic toxicity. Statement on twelve metals and other elements in the 2000. Bpa is a synthetic compound derived from diphenylmethane that is used to make polycarbonate, a rigid plastic used in a variety of industrial and household products. The national toxicology program today issued its final report on the safety of the plastic chemical bisphenol a. Exposure was assessed for various groups of the human population in three different ways.
Toxicology is the study of the harmful actions of agents on biological mechanisms. Oecd series on testing and assessment number 23 guidance. Developmental toxicity for fetuses, infants, and children effects on the brain, behavior,and prostate gland developmental toxicity for fetuses, infants, and children effects on the mammary gland and early puberty in females,and reproductive toxicity in workers reproductive toxicity in adult men and women and malformations in newborns. National toxicology program issues final bisphenol a safety.
Effluent samples the study found that the effluent from waste water treatment works was a source of bisphenols. Phenotypic analysis of bpa earlylife exposure toxicity in wildtype zebrafish. For photosensitization, no established method is available for extrapolating animal toxicological data to effects on humans. The reproductive toxicity of environmental endocrine disruptors has attracted substantial attention from researchers in recent years. The multigeneration exposure studies show no treatmentrelated effects in any generation at exposure levels below those that were toxic to the parents. Why am i being warned about potential exposure to bisphenol a in canned and bottled foods and beverages. Toxicity information 12 15 05 california state water. In reproductive and developmental toxicity tests, no effects were seen in the offspring except when the dose was so high as to be maternally or systemically toxic. For repeated dose toxicity, five chemicals had a high designation. The genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of bisphenola bpa. The nrc discussed the design elements needed to determine the presence or absence of an nmdrc. This study aims at assessing human exposure to bpa from olive oil. Bisphenol a bpa is an organic synthetic compound with the chemical formula ch 3 2 cc 6 h 4 oh 2 belonging to the group of diphenylmethane derivatives and bisphenols, with two hydroxyphenyl groups.
To view acute toxicity of individual products, click on view products link in the chemical identification section above. These data did not trigger freshwater or saltwater chronic tests. Protective effect of vitamin e on nicotine induced. Pesticide science society of japan produced and listed by. Accidental release measures contain spill and collect, as appropriate. Thirteen chemicals had moderate, high, or very high designations for at least one of the irritation and sensitization endpoints. Environmental protection and toxic substances september 1993. The moes estimated by using the 95th percentile of the daily intake were 1,2001,300 for the reduction in body weight gain, 5,6005,900 for multinucleated giant hepatocytes in the liver, and 12,000,000 for the reproductive toxicity. The mcf7 cell line could continue its cell cycle despite the presence of chromosome aberrations induced by relatively high bpa dosage. Guideline on repeated dose toxicity corr european medicines. Eight chemicals had high designations for developmental toxicity. Exposure to bisphenol a and other phenols in neonatal intensive care unit premature infants. As we have become more exposed to chemicalladen products and to toxic chemicals in food, air, and water, we have been confronted with an.
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